High Light: | High Speed Tool Steel |
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Description:
T-1 High Speed Tool Steel
T-1 is an air or oil hardening tool steel that is an excellent cutting tool material. It has a good combination of toughness and red hardness and is relatively easy to harden.
Tungsten is a good carbide former used in high speed steels and hot forming tool steels. It is a steel gray metal that increases temperature and red hardness, prevents gain growth and improves toughness of steels.
Tungsten high speed tool steels or group T steels range from T1 to T15 series. This article on tool steel type T1 will focus on the chemical composition, physical, mechanical and thermal properties and other designations of T1 tool steels.
Chemical composition
Element | Min | Max |
---|---|---|
Carbon, C | 0.70 | 0.85 |
Manganese, Mn | -.-- | 0.40 |
Silicon, Si | -.-- | 0.40 |
Molybdenum, Mo | -- | -- |
Chromium,Cr | 3.80 | 4.50 |
W | 17.00 | 19.00 |
V | 0.80 | 1.20 |
Co | -- | -- |
Thermal Properties
thermal properties
Properties | Conditions | ||
---|---|---|---|
T (ºC) | Treatment | ||
Thermal expansion | 9.7 x 10-6/ºC | 20-200 more | - |
Thermal conductivity | 19.9 x W/m-K | 100 more | - |
Physical Properties
The following table shows the physical properties of T1 tool steels.
Physical properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Density | 8.67 g/cm3 | 0.313 lb/in3 |
Mechanical Properties
properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Hardness, Rockwell C | 63.0 - 65.0 | 63.0 - 65.0 |
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30457 ksi |
Equivalent materials:
• AFNOR 18-04-01
• DIN 1.3355
• UNI X 75 W 18 KU
• JIS SKH2
• SS 2242
• B.S. BT 1
• AMS 5626
• ASTM A600
• FED QQ-T-590
• SAE J437
• SAE J438
Various Treatments
reatment | TemperatureRange | Cooling/Quenching | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Forging | 1700-2100° F | Slow. | Cool slowly in dry sand or in other insulating media. |
Annealing | 1600-1650° F | Cool slowly at a rate of 35° F per hour to 1000° F. | For best results, insulating media is desirable. Hold at temperature for 2 hours. |
Stress Relieving | 1100-1300° F | Cool slowly | Stress relieve after rough machining |
Preheating | 1500-1550° F | - | Preheat time in furnace is ¾ Hr. per inch of thickness. Heating up to temperature as slow as possible. |
Hardening | 2325-2375° F (furnace) 2275-2350° F (salt bath) | Quench in air or warm oil. To minimize quenching strains, quench in salt at 1000° F | For maximum wear resistance, harden at 2375° F. For maximum toughness and high hardness, harden at 2275° F. |
Tempering | - | - | Double tempering is recommended. The usual tempering time is 2+2 hours. Recommended temperature is 1000-1075° F for cutting tools. 1100-1200° F for shock tool |
APPLICATIONS
High performance Gear Cutting Hobs, Shapers, Milling cutters, Bevel tools, of all kinds of highly stressed twist bits and taps, shaped shear blades, for working high strength materials, broaches. Cutting tools for roughing or finishing, such as: helical bits, milling cutters of all types, taps, dies, spindles, reamers, thread rolling tools, drill bits, circular saw segments. Impact tools and those used for working wood. Cold forming tools such as dies and punches for cold extrusion and cutting and fine cutting tools.
Contact Person: Mr. Ma
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